How to finish top row of tiles The most important step in ensuring that your first row of tile is straight is to properly prepare your project area ahead of time. This will be done in two stages. I advised her to call the electrician and move the switch onto the backsplash under the cabinets and end the tile splash properly. Move the tiles around the board so the tile that should end in the middle of the top row is in the center of the puzzle. This includes making sure that the floor is clean, dry, and level. Lay out a row of loose tiles across the bottom of the wall from the center line leaving uniform joints between tiles. Here is an EASY way to set your 1st row and the rest going up your wall, then lastly the FIRST row is set. You don't want a 1/2-inch Pencil tile trim is very easy to find in most DIY stores that sell tile and tiling accessories. A beginner's guide to tiling. [2] Nov 16, 2025 · To finish a subway tile backsplash, grout all joints, including those around the edge trim, to give a polished finished look. The first stage involves putting the corner pieces in the right place. Oct 6, 2025 · Tile Warehouse has partnered with @ProperDIY to provide a comprehensive guide on how to tile a wall at home. See full list on wikihow. Nov 8, 2024 · Installing a tile roof can be a difficult and laborious process. Top Layer Corners The following algorithm will switch the front two corner pieces. In this video, I show how to apply thinset to the walls and get the tiles to installed. If you end up with a small cut, start with a half tile at the bottom. We’ll go over three different methods of finishing tile edges: bullnose tile, pencil liner, and metal edging. com One of the challenges that many homeowners face is how to finish the raw edges of tile walls and floors to ensure proper installation and a striking finished project. Whether you are laying brand new roofing tile or replacing damaged ones, it is also important to have the right technique. Floors: A row of bullnose tiles can take the place of a wooden baseboard and give any bathroom floor a finished look. Oct 10, 2025 · This video teaches how to tile a shower by starting with the layout and then installing the first row of subway tile. How To Finish A Tile Without Trim If you’re not keen on using a trim piece or finished tile to complete the look, there are a few other options to consider. Dang, it’s heavy. I am exploring ideas for our guest bathroom and thinking of larger rectangular tiles, let's say 10x17 or 11x17, installed horizontally in a subway pattern. Learn expert tips and techniques for a polished, professional look in your next project. Nov 19, 2021 · I see what you mean, so you are saying that the last (top) row of tiles must be as much as possible close to a full tile in order to make things less obvious (because the reference line -the top of the next raw of times- must be as low as possible. The guide covers 8 easy steps, including cutting, grouting, and sealing tiles, as well as hints and tips for a Nov 20, 2019 · Check out this step-by-step DIY tutorial for how to install subway tile backsplash in your kitchen! Save money and learn a new skill. CONTRIB We started the bottom row 1/4" above the vertical flange on the tub. One of the simplest and fastest ways to finish off the raw edge of a row of tiles is to paint it to match the surrounding tiles. The second stage involves putting the edge pieces in the right place. It does provide a neater finish. Series Description: Learn to tile a bathroom from start to finish, from the initial tea Mar 23, 2021 · Ceramic and porcelain tile This tutorial is good for tiling with either ceramic or porcelain tiles. Mar 12, 2023 · Don’t forget that tiles are also the go-to material for wet environments and are easy to clean. Porcelain is the harder, more water impervious choice. Tile trim, alternately called trim tiles, are specialized pieces of tile designed with a smooth edge. Slide the tiles that belong in the puzzle’s left column into their places. Lots of detail and helpful videos embedded. We started the bottom row 1/4" above the vertical flange on the tub. Jun 12, 2024 · Tile is an attractive and low-maintenance flooring option. To do this, measure the height of the wall and divide it by the width of the tile plus one grout joint, using a measuring tape. You wouldn’t want to have a full tile against the wall on Oct 10, 2025 · This video teaches how to tile a shower by starting with the layout and then installing the first row of subway tile. Oct 4, 2025 · Tiling around a bathtub introduces additional challenges. Discover effective ways to fix gaps between tile and ceiling using decorators caulk, silicone, and sealants. This part of the project can be a lot of fun, and is a good way to make sure you have enough tile and will be happy with the design. Apr 3, 2012 · Wall tile installation is similar to installing tiles on the floor, but you use tile mastic rather than mortar to adhere the tiles to the wall. Learn how to install Inside Corner Trims and the Last Tile in a Row using Palisade Waterproof, Grout-Free Wall Tiles. In this video, I show you how to tile a shower by starting with the layout and then putting down the first row. But if you’ve never done it before, it can be daunting. Oct 19, 2022 · Want to know ho to make exposed tile edges look finished? Check out the mentioned 4 ways to finish off the tile edges easily. This initial row serves as the foundation for the entire tiling project, setting the stage for the rest of the installation. Shopping for tiles to make a gorgeous space is fun. Use a matching sanded grout and apply evenly with a rubber grout float. Dec 25, 2024 · The first part of learning how to tile a shower is knowing how to select the right tiles. If the tub is level, set a full tile at its top edge. This will ensure that subsequent rows of tile are even and straight. This is part 1 of a 5 part series of videos w Nov 12, 2025 · This includes learning how to start the first row of tiles in the shower. Also consider tile trim or border tiles. I have a final row of 2 inch x 2 inch row to set along the right wall, a couple of cuts to make around the soil pipe for the toilet. Not on top. The first is to simply finish the edges of the tiles with grout. To start the first row of tiles in a shower, set the tiles on a level board. Oct 14, 2025 · To fix a gap between tiles and ceilings, measure the width near the top row of tiles and use grout or caulk if the gap is up to 1/4 inch. Learn how to install tile baseboards and edge trim to give your tile floors a professional and polished finish. Don’t worry! Our guide to how to tile a shower is here to help. How to measure the first row of wall tiles in preparation for cutting. The questions I have are : Do you cut all tiles the same size based on the smallest size, you'll see the run off and then fill it in? Join us in the workshop for a pro demonstration of how to finish tile edges. . Lay out the tile installation before beginning to determine how the tiles will be finished at the ceiling. Mar 18, 2025 · What do you know about how to make exposed tile edges look finished? You can read about it in this brief overview with tips and tricks. Aug 12, 2024 · A popular method to finish tile edges is to install a row of tile trim such as bullnose tile. This article will tell you how to install roof tile. Follow along to see how I turn a builder-boring white wall into a beautiful tile backsplash May 2, 2018 · Give your standalone bathtub a new look! I'll show you how to tile a bathtub surround, and create that relaxing, spa-like retreat you want! Get all my tips, including how to prep the bathtub surround surface, how to line up mosaic tiles and grout them properly, and how to caulk the bathtub edges for a watertight seal. Do I need to grind all the tiles from 2,3 to the end so they can be leveled with number one? Or if I raised number 1ittle bit to level Oct 1, 2025 · To make exposed tile edges look finished, you can use tile trim or bullnose tiles for a clean and polished appearance. Use spacers in your test lay, so you know exactly where your tiles will end. So now we've got an ugly looking edge to the tile Step Six: Start in the middle of the wall setting the first row of tile on top of the ledger bar and lining up the first halfway (3″) mark to the vertical mark on the wall. The tiles are now all up, although there is an uneven gap where the top tile meets the ceiling (ranging from half an inch to 2 inches). For a shower floor, choose a tile that’s designed to be slip resistant when wet. Aug 17, 2025 · This video provides a comprehensive guide on how to finish up the tile in a Master Bath remodel, covering the installation of tile on the wall when meeting vinyl plank flooring. There are several different ways this can be done and each of these work very well. Hi I would like to know if it is professional practice to finish the top edge of the top row of tiles with a trim. Aug 26, 2024 · Our video and guide walks you step-by-step through the process to help you better understand how to install a ceramic tile floor. Sep 27, 2025 · There are several options for finishing the edge of a tiled shower, including Schluter edging or mitered tiles. Placing a row of bullnose tiles around the perimeter of your design yields a more finished look. Before Aug 3, 2023 · So, if you are putting in a subway tile kitchen backsplash then you will start your tile pattern with a full row at the bottom and cut the top of it in underneath the cabinets. And heavy. The video is filled with useful tips and techniques for tiling from top to bottom, including using organic mastic for a sticky surface, cutting, grouting, and sealing tiles. Mar 8, 2021 · Do you know how to finish tile edges with grout? If you don't, fret not, for we are here. If the floor isn’t level, use a self-leveling compound to even it out. Install tile directly over drywall or other smooth surfaces. It can also be a creative way to finish a kitchen, bath or other floor. Feb 23, 2023 · Discover 3 easy, stylish ways to finish tile edges without bullnose—using caulk, moldings, or metal trims for a clean, seamless, and modern look. Learn how to tile a wall with this step-by-step guide. I fired the contractor and decided to just finish the job myself. So now we've got an ugly looking edge to the tile Oct 2, 2025 · Popular ways to finish a backsplash include using bullnose edge tile, running trim strips along the bottom or sides, installing floating shelves, or other decorative end. 5cm and the end of the final row. I would use decorators caulk, its like Silicon but you can paint onto it and its flexible so wont crack. I explain why this method works SOOOO easy. Tips from tiling forums and YouTube to ensure a seamless finish! Presently at the top of first row of tiles the gap between the top of the tile to the ceiling is 15cm and this lowers to 13. No, you don't have to do a thousand cuts to make it fit. It is part 1 of a 5 part series of videos, covering the process from start to finish. Ensure that seams line up with where they would be if there were full tiles to maintain even grout lines. It works out perfectly to have tile to the ceiling -- with the tile at the top being two rows of our 3 x 9 decorative tiles (not bullnose). 2). I have seen it done as a fully tiled wall but ours will be only half-way up. A narrow shelf is a neat way to conceal raw tile edges. Do this for the other 2 walls. If it is done, how do professional tilers go about achieving this? Thanks for your advice Dave In this video, I show you how to tile a shower start to finish. For wider gaps, trim or molding may be needed. Without any mortar, dry-lay a horizontal row (green) and vertical column (blue) to determine the layout. I am told this is because the ceiling is not level. Exterior doors are always seen and Aug 29, 2025 · Get some tiles and start trying different arrangements and patterns on top of it. , ridge cap shingles). Gather your tools and materials and follow the steps for each option. It will also give you a sense of how many tiles you may need to cut, or maybe even allow you avoid cutting any tiles at all. Mar 29, 2023 · A homeowner reached out to me with a question wanting to know if she should take her tile all the way to the door jamb, because of the light switch location. From determining a tile pattern to mastering tile placement, gaining confidence in cutting techniques, ensuring clean and even grout lines, to achieving a professional finish—this guide has got Learn how to create a showstopping tile tub surround for your bathroom. Set tile to the edges of the wall and measure for the length to cut the tiles to finish the row. Today, there's an endless supply Sep 23, 2023 · How Do You Finish Off Tile Edges? There are several ways to finish off tile edges. A project of this size will take a great deal of planning and preparation, well before the actual tile installation is underway. I'll go over how to handle that problem and also some important information about tile size in this situation. You want to start in the middle so that your cuts are even on either side. Correct installation of the underlay ensures optimal protection for your roof and a top-tier finish for your tiles: Newbie questions: Finishing a shower tile project. Later on, we’ll investigate the finer points of applying shingles to the top row of a lean-to type shed. I used roofing cement and cap roofing nails to install the last shingle on the ridge cap. Here's an in-depth guide to tiling the walls around a bathtub or shower. When shingling a shed roof with three-tab shingles (the standard, asphalt-covered, tar-backed shingles used on most residential roofs), you will come to a point at which the top row must be finished with another type of shingle (i. You will probably need to apply this algorithm a few times to line up all the corners. Whether you’re wondering how to finish tile backsplash edges, create an attractive shower bench, or complete any other tile project, using one of these techniques will instantly elevate your installation. How to Finish the Top Edge of a Shed Roof Shed roofs come in all shapes and sizes, but we are looking specifically at two types: single slope and lean-to. We'll show you how to hide the cut edge of the tile, how to round tile edges, how to finish the row of tiles, how to end glass tile backsplash, along with ideas on tile edging options, and metal edges for tile backsplash. How should we have done it instead? We thought we were following instructions that would allow the tub to expand and contract without screwing up the tile, but aesthetically, something ain't Nov 2, 2023 · Begin with a level line of tiles to avoid problems later on. Reposition rows until you find the best layout. This step-by-step guide will help you complete this doable DIY. From prepping the subfloor to applying grout, a tile job takes several steps to complete. One option is to use bullnose tiles of the same color as the other tiles for a seamless finish. Dec 1, 2015 · Ceramic Subway Tile: 3 Pro Installation Secrets I have 3 tips to share for ceramic subway tile. Inspect your cube: If all the In that case there is a void or a gap under the tile. Start by making sure that the first row is level. Then we are done. Irrespective of why you want to tile to the ceiling, there is one obstacle that you may face which is creating a smooth tile-to-ceiling trim. Oct 8, 2024 · Learn how to finish tile edges with these 8 techniques, including bullnose, Schluter trim, and caulking, to give your tile installation a polished look. Screw a straight board based on the level line and begin placing the tiles on top. Additionally, you can apply edge treatments like metal strips or wood molding to hide the exposed edges and provide a finished look to the tiles. Feb 12, 2025 · First, move the tiles that belong in the top row into their correct positions. 📚Get access to ALL my DIY You create this pattern by simply shifting one rectangular tile one-half (or one-third) with respect to the row beneath. I can see it looking very nice except I have no idea how the top ca Aug 26, 2024 · Our video and guide walks you step-by-step through the process to help you better understand how to install a ceramic tile floor. Apr 30, 2025 · Tiles are aligned in straight rows and columns, creating a clean, uniform grid. We’ll take you through the process step by step, with pro tips for a perfect finish. e. Jul 21, 2023 · In older properties, tiles or slates often lie over a layer of reinforced roofing felt. This includes but is not limited: glazed wall, ceramic, mosaic, quarry, paver, faience, glass mosaic and stone tiles Please submit videos, pictures of beautiful and amazing works, and your own work for us to admire, or help you finish. The first is a lesser-known layout technique for subway tiles. Oct 24, 2021 · 0 I had someone put tile in my bathroom shower and there seems to have been a bad measurement that created thin crumbly tile at the top of my shower. DIY all-star, Skip Bedell will demonstr Measuring & marking the top tiles Each top tile must be measured individually to ensure a perfect fit, take a new tile and place it face down on top of the tile in the row beneath (see fig 2. This includes tiling the walls, mixing thinset, and cutting tiles. It would also be a fairly wide strip of caulk. Use this guide to find out how to lay tile from start to finish, and which tools you’ll need. Place the tiles in front of the wall you are planning to tile. Continue alternating between solving the topmost row and the leftmost column until you have a 2 x 3 section left. Our tiler is suggesting we put coving to finish it off to conceal these gaps but I don't think this is going to look too good as the tiles are very modern & coving would Apr 27, 2025 · Installing the first row of tiles is a critical step in achieving a professional and visually pleasing finish for your tiled shower wall. Starting at the bottom center of the wall, start placing your tile. The tile only goes 75% up the wall. This is part 1 of a 5 part series of videos w Feb 24, 2023 · Troubleshooting Common Issues With Installing The First Row Of Tile In A Shower Here are some helpful tips for troubleshooting common issues when installing the first row of tile in a shower. Use spacers on each end, top, and bottom to achieve an even finish. Jul 12, 2024 · Discover top methods for perfectly finishing tile edges. How to cut the top or bottom row tiles to size. If you want to add more flare to it, you can play around with the grout color and the tile finish. I do have a 3 x 9 bullnose avalable that matches the main tile, but the 2 The technique to measure and trim tiles for the bottom row of a shower is quick and easy! Use a spacer to ensure that the gap between the wall tiles and the floor tiles is uniform. It involves careful attention to detail and can be achieved using bullnose tiles, trim pieces, metal strips, or wood moldings. I do have a 3 x 9 bullnose avalable that matches the main tile, but the 2 The most important step in ensuring that your first row of tile is straight is to properly prepare your project area ahead of time. Step Six: Start in the middle of the wall setting the first row of tile on top of the ledger bar and lining up the first halfway (3″) mark to the vertical mark on the wall. Jul 25, 2025 · Learn how to stagger wood-look tile the right way with layout tips, patterns, tools, and solutions for a smooth, natural look. (Daltile products have integral spacer lugs so tiles can be butted together leaving a consistent 1/16" joint automatically. Oct 1, 2025 · To make exposed tile edges look finished, you can use tile trim or bullnose tiles for a clean and polished appearance. First, make sure the shower tiles for your walls are made of glass, porcelain or other waterproof materials. Also, don’t forget to check out my previous post: Subway Tile Installation: Three Basic Tips Tile C-54: This subreddit contains almost every aspect of Ceramic and Mosaic Tile. This will tell you how large your cut at the ceiling should be. More details and a full list of materials at https://thec Dec 25, 2024 · The first part of learning how to tile a shower is knowing how to select the right tiles. Feb 13, 2010 · A shed roof is one that has a single sloping side. Can you tile a bathtub? May 2, 2018 · Give your standalone bathtub a new look! I'll show you how to tile a bathtub surround, and create that relaxing, spa-like retreat you want! Get all my tips, including how to prep the bathtub surround surface, how to line up mosaic tiles and grout them properly, and how to caulk the bathtub edges for a watertight seal. When installing tile on the first row of a wall in a shower, there are some important things to consider. Jul 18, 2023 · Should you tile over tile? It's not always a good idea, but it can be in certain circumstances! Learn everything you need to know in this post! Oct 17, 2021 · Porcelain tiles are a classic and elegant look that can make any shower wall look better. However, breathable roof membranes have gained popularity in recent years due to their ability to combat condensation in your roof space. So what's the best way to finish off the top row? Grout? Silicon, Caulk? or simply paint the top edges of the top row tiles to match the walls. Yes, the perfect tile backsplash is possible. Intimidated by tiling? It might be more approachable than you think. Jun 30, 2024 · While most professionals would recommend that you remove the tile first, you can apply new tile over top of an existing backsplash if the existing tile is in good condition. If you plan to do this, it is recommended that you roughen up the existing tile with sandpaper to make it easier for the new tiles to adhere properly. Herringbone Pattern: A classic V-shaped pattern that adds visual interest and movement. Another option is to grind the edges of natural stone or porcelain tiles into bullnoses, saving money on buying trims. Oct 1, 2025 · Slide the second tile directly underneath the third one. The basic differences have to do with density and water absorption. Jan 29, 2025 · Grid Pattern: The most common and straightforward pattern, where tiles are laid in straight rows and columns. Everything from what materials to choose to waterproofing. You can use accent tiles, metal edges, and more. Discover the essential steps to achieving a professional finish when tiling around a window, enhancing your home's interior with ease. Glass tiles, stone tiles, and even mosaic tiles can also be used in stacked patterns to add texture or a reflective quality to your bathroom design. In this video, we'll show you how to achieve the perfect crack resistant seal between your tile edge and your wall using painters tape and DAP ALEX FLEX Premium Molding and Trim Sealant! If you've May 17, 2011 · Double Bullnose (top), Unglazed Field Tile (middle), and Single Bullnose Tile (bottom) Glazed Edge Tiles (foreground & back left) compared to an Unglazed Edge Tile (back right) Generally speaking, decorative tile doesn't come with a bullnose finish although you might occasionally find border strips (3"x6") with a glazed edge. Mar 23, 2021 · Ceramic and porcelain tile This tutorial is good for tiling with either ceramic or porcelain tiles. ) If this layout leaves cuts smaller than 1/2 tile, adjust center line 1/2 tile closer to the side wall. This layout highlights the tile itself—making it ideal for showcasing bold colors, high-gloss finishes, or standout textures. Remember, a lean-to shed is just that – a lean-to! It leans against another structure, like your house, garage, or another shed Aug 5, 2022 · If you don’t have a wall-mounted shower attachment on the bath, you can get away with a much lower tiled bathroom backsplash but do think about how you will finish the edges as they will be far more visible. Covers prep, materials, and time-saving tips! Oct 18, 2019 · Want to learn how to tile a backsplash? This simple tutorial and video gives you everything you need to get started tiling your first backsplash! Hi, Our backerboard is up and we did a draft layout of shower our tile on grid paper. Once your floor is level, use a level gauge to draw a straight reference line that will guide your first row of tile. Keep the first and third tiles in their current positions, but you can move any tile into the top right corner if you need to. List of tools for each step. From determining a tile pattern to mastering tile placement, gaining confidence in cutting techniques, ensuring clean and even grout lines, to achieving a professional finish—this guide has got There are several ways to finish the edge of a backsplash and there are plenty of options for you to choose from. Are stacked tiles harder to install than other patterns? Stacked tile is relatively easy to install because it doesn’t require the staggered alignment that more traditional patterns need. Pencil tile trim is very easy to find in most DIY stores that sell tile and tiling accessories. Sep 28, 2023 · Give classic subway tile a modern look! I'll show you how to install vertical subway tile to give your walls the illusion of height! Mar 12, 2023 · Don’t forget that tiles are also the go-to material for wet environments and are easy to clean. You don't want a 1/2-inch Oct 4, 2025 · The first row of tiles is set opposite the shower door, and the top and bottom of the shower wall are measured to ensure they are straight and do not slant in or out. In fact, the floor tile you’ll see us using is porcelain, while the wall tile is ceramic. Mar 29, 2023 · The tiles lined up perfectly with no cuts! Finish a Basement Bathroom: Lay out the Floor Tile Pattern The porcelain floor tile has been laid with thinset and is almost finished. To help hide the awkward appearance of an out-of-level tub, make the bottom row of tiles at least three-fourths of a tile high. You don't want to use a porous tile like natural stone. The second is an installation detail and the third is a cutting method done tutorial style. You can also mix it up by switching the orientation and laying the tiles vertically. Grout edging is a versatile and popular method for finishing tile edges. This is the time to do it, before the tile is installed! If you do this all thoughtfully and properly, you Mar 23, 2018 · Did our own backsplash tiling in the kitchen, and didn't realize until we were finished that the cap/trim/edging goes UNDER the tile. Dec 19, 2019 · 2. This is usually the trickiest part of solving a 3 x 3 puzzle and may require you to move a Am having tiling done in the bathroom. Apr 10, 2021 · Follow these 12 steps to replace tile around a bathtub. Jun 26, 2020 · I'm confused how to begin tiling and adjusting the first row. Hi, Our backerboard is up and we did a draft layout of shower our tile on grid paper. How to Finish an Edge of Tile on a Wall DIY Tiles 6K subscribers Subscribe Subscribed Mar 6, 2014 · How to tile a kitchen backsplash (with subway tile over drywall). Installing 12×24 porcelain tiles may sound tricky but it is a quick process if you use the right-sized trowel. In this video I show how to finish vinyl plank flooring to exterior doors. Brick Pattern: Also known as running bond or offset pattern, where each row of tiles is offset by half a tile length, resembling a brick wall. Whether it be preparing the surface or choosing the right trowel, follow along as we take a deep dive into how you can install 12×24 porcelain tiles in a shower stall. CONTRIB Dec 24, 2024 · Finishing tile backsplash edges is a crucial step in the installation process. For a shower enclosure, extend the tile and the backerboard at least 6 inches above the showerhead. finishing off top row of tiles / ceiling in the UK Tiling Forum | Tile Advice on Tilers Forums. Rotate the remaining pieces until they’re in the right order. The tile is some type mosaic from Lowes. In most tile-to-ceiling jobs, there is usually a gap that is left between these two areas. Sep 20, 2025 · Bullnose tiles are distinct tiles characterized by their rounded edges, commonly used as edge treatments or trim pieces to create smooth transitions and finish the edges of tiled surfaces. Marking the middle of each tile will help keep the grout lines straight. Grout the top and then paint. Here's a quick look at the easy steps for how to finish a ridge cap on a roof. Step 2: Laying the Tiles Before you start tiling, make sure your countertops are installed, then working in small sections, remove the top layer of the Musselbound to expose the sticky backing. The steps involved in building a kitchen countertop that is covered with tiles. This will ensure the tiles don’t slip or break. Let’s get right into it. This left us with 1+" of gap between the flat tub surface and the bottom of the tile. The top row is bullnose and I just ran out of mastic at the bullnose layer. From prepping and layout to applying thinset and grout, get expert tips for a flawless tile installation. Feb 24, 2023 · Troubleshooting Common Issues With Installing The First Row Of Tile In A Shower Here are some helpful tips for troubleshooting common issues when installing the first row of tile in a shower. Can I use the thin-set i bought for the floor or should I go buy more mastic for the last five tiles? Dec 11, 2018 · Today we are sharing a step-by-step tutorial on how to install backsplash tile in your kitchen, including tips and tricks for newbie tilers! What would you use for the tile endings (pics 2 and 3) on this backsplash? Will caulking do? My one worry with the caulking is the left side where the wood paneling is not flush and the drywall has a gap. To determine the types of bullnose tiles that are available, check out the trim pieces that match the tile you choose. selskc dcycz obz wjlo dnct xjnmuv rqiw erito nmecak xytdw crh lbsapdx yjxn uydohp ooqr